Coral CayWhat Is a Coral Cay? It is an island that has formed by old coral material on the ocean bottom that has finally grown so high that it stuck out of the water. Corals are animals that have a limestone exoskeleton, and when they die the skeletons pile up, as we know, just as "dead coral". Over the time, that material accumulates in the ocean bottom, and when it becomes so high that it sticks out of the water, a coral cay is formed. Compared to continental islands, coral cays are smaller, flatter and sometimes have less vegetation. Some coral cays in Australia are Green Island off the coast of Cairns and Heron Island off the coast of Gladstone.
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